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저자： 업로드：2015-08-10 조회수：
Raising hopes for a simple, noninvasive, inexpensive, and easily repeatable test for pancreatic cancer, scientists at Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University, have developed a three-protein biomarker panel that can screen urine samples to identify pancreatic cancer when it is still in its early stages. The panel, the scientists say, has already demonstrated better than 90% accuracy. Moreover, it readily distinguishes between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, conditions that are easily mistaken for each other.
The scientists settled on just three proteins after conducting proteomic analyses of 488 urine samples—192 from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 92 from patients with chronic pancreatitis, 87 from healthy volunteers, and 117 samples from patients with other benign and malignant liver and gall bladder conditions.
The urine samples were subjected to assays using GeLC-MS/MS (in-gel tryptic digestion followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and ELISA. Initially, around 1,500 proteins were identified, with approximately half being common to both male and female volunteers. Of these, three proteins—LYVE1, REG1A, and TFF1—were selected for closer examination.
Each of the three proteins was elevated in urine samples from PDAC patients, but not in urine samples from healthy patients. Patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis had significantly lower levels than cancer patients.
Combining the three proteins, the scientists discovered, yielded a robust panel. The panel’s performance was described August 3 in the journal Clinical Cancer Research, in an article entitled, “Identification of a Three-Biomarker Panel in Urine for Early Detection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.”
“When comparing PDAC with healthy urine specimens, the resulting areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) of the panel were 0.89 in the training (70% of the data) and 0.92 in the validation (30% of the data) datasets,” wrote the authors. “When comparing PDAC stage I–II with healthy urine specimens, the panel achieved AUCs of 0.90 and 0.93 in the training and validation datasets, respectively.”
At present, noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of PDAC are not available. The biomarker panel established by the Barts Cancer Institute scientists, however, shows promise.
“We've always been keen to
develop a diagnostic test in urine as it has several advantages over using
blood. It's an inert and far less complex fluid than blood and can be
repeatedly and non-invasively tested,” said lead researcher Tatjana
Crnogorac-Jurcevic, M.D., Ph.D. “It took a while to secure proof of principle
funding in 2008 to look at biomarkers in urine, but it's been worth the wait
